Water-reducing chemicals are used for two
separate purposes: to lower the water content to increase the strength; or
to increase the slump using the same water content for pumping concrete or to adjust the mix
for hot weather.
Water reducers can reduce the required water content for a given
slump by about 10%.
Water-reducers are described in ASTM C494.
Mid-range water reducers reduce water content by at least 8 percent
and tend to be more stable over a wider range of temperatures.
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